20.01.2014<\/p>\n
B\u0130R \u00d6NCEK\u0130 yaz\u0131m\u0131zda insan\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve Allah-insan ili\u015fkisinden bahsetmi\u015ftik. Bu iki meseleyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olan bir di\u011fer mesele de \u2018k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck problemi\/sorunu\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131land\u0131r. K\u00f6k\u00fc eski Yunan\u2019a de\u011fin uzanan bu mesele k\u0131saca \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetlenebilir: mutlak iyilik ve g\u00fczellik olan Tanr\u0131 nas\u0131l olur da yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na izin verir? Burada problemin detaylar\u0131na girmek istemiyoruz. Dileyen ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in Hume, Drapper, Mackie gibi isimlere ba\u015fvurabilir. Amac\u0131m\u0131z, bir \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131da yer alan tespitlere yenilerini ekleyip bu probleme verilen cevaplara dair na\u00e7izane bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k kazand\u0131rmakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n
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Hat\u0131rlanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere meleklerin insan\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 sundu\u011fu \u00e7ekince tam da budur: yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck \u00e7\u0131karacak bir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131. Nitekim daha \u00f6nce ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en Jeffrey Lang da tam bu nedenden Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zellikle yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015fa dair ayetlerine odaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kendisi bizatihi k\u00f6t\u00fc bir aile ortam\u0131nda yeti\u015fmi\u015f ve \u00e7evresinde de bir\u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe \u015fahit olmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u2018k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck problemi\u2019 odakl\u0131 nice din ele\u015ftirisine \u015fahit olmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Peki, bu probleme kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fimdiye de\u011fin ne gibi a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r? <\/p>\n
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Sonsuz iyi ve g\u00fczel olan yarat\u0131c\u0131 ile yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck olarak addedilen \u015feylerin bir aradal\u0131\u011f\u0131na cevap getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan din felsefesi dal\u0131na teodise denmektedir. Teodise alan\u0131nda bug\u00fcne de\u011fin getirilen a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u015fu iki ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda incelenebilir: <\/p>\n
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\u015eer iz\u00e2f\u00ee ve adem\u00eedir
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\u0130nsan melek de\u011fil, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc\u2026
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Tabi ki insan da melek gibi yarat\u0131labilirdi. Allah\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc tabi ki buna yeterdi. Fakat o bunu dilemedi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc insan idraki, ilmi ve iradesiyle Allah\u2019\u0131 isimleri \u00fczere en iyi yans\u0131tabilecek varl\u0131kt\u0131r. Sevgi, merhamet, adalet gibi olgular\u0131n asl\u0131, bunlar\u0131n yoklu\u011funda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek \u015feyleri yani k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckleri idrak edip, bilip hatta tecr\u00fcbe edip yine de bunlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmekle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir ancak. \u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczden insan k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck nedir, ac\u0131 \u00e7ekme nedir bilmelidir. \u00d6zg\u00fcr irade savunmas\u0131n\u0131n detaylar\u0131 i\u00e7in Stump, Swinburne, Plantinga gibi isimlere bak\u0131labilir. Fakat \u00f6zg\u00fcr irade a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n da kendi i\u00e7inde farkl\u0131 yorumlar bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmelidir. D\u00fcalizm, zuhur etme ya da kuantum teorisi ile delil g\u00f6sterme gibi. Bunlara dair detayl\u0131 bilgiler Caner Taslaman\u2019\u0131n Kuantum Teorisi Felsefe ve Tanr\u0131 isimli kitab\u0131ndan edinilebilir. Yarat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bilgisi ve iradesinin insan\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr iradesiyle olan ili\u015fkisi ise ayr\u0131 bir yaz\u0131 gerektirmektedir. <\/p>\n
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Do\u011fal ve ahlak\u00ee k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair a\u00e7\u0131klamalar yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan iki grupla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir. \u00d6rne\u011fin Hick, insan\u0131n ilerlemesi i\u00e7in k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerin ve ac\u0131n\u0131n var olup bunlarla m\u00fccadele edilmesi gerekti\u011fini savunur. Fakat g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, evrim teorisi ve insan\u0131n eksik yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan hareketle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u0130slam\u00ee anlay\u0131\u015fa ters d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Hick\u2019in a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam\u00ee zeminde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fu olabilir; insan, O\u2019ndan \u00fcflenen ruh ile yery\u00fcz\u00fc halifesi olarak d\u00fcnyaya gelir. Yap\u0131p ettikleri ile de ya bu halini korur ya da bundan uzakla\u015f\u0131r. <\/p>\n
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Son olarak s\u00f6ylenmesi gereken \u015fudur ki bu ve benzeri a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n hepsi insan\u0131n akledebildi\u011fi kadard\u0131r. K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck denen \u015feyin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm hikmetlerini ancak gayb\u0131 da d\u00e2hil her \u015feyi bilen bilir.<\/p>\n
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20.01.2014 B\u0130R \u00d6NCEK\u0130 yaz\u0131m\u0131zda insan\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve Allah-insan ili\u015fkisinden bahsetmi\u015ftik. Bu iki meseleyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olan bir di\u011fer mesele de \u2018k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck problemi\/sorunu\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131land\u0131r. K\u00f6k\u00fc eski Yunan\u2019a de\u011fin uzanan bu mesele k\u0131saca \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetlenebilir: mutlak iyilik ve g\u00fczellik olan Tanr\u0131 nas\u0131l olur da yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na izin verir? Burada problemin detaylar\u0131na girmek istemiyoruz. Dileyen ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[148],"class_list":["post-88157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yazarlar"],"yoast_head":"\n