22.05.2005<\/p>\n
BUG\u00dcNK\u00dc H\u0130ND\u0130STAN\u2019DA daha geni\u015f bir kara par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131, Pakistan ve Banglade\u015f\u2019i de i\u00e7ine alan \u2018asl\u00ee\u2019 haliyle Hindistan\u2019\u0131n \u0130ngilizlere kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesi esnas\u0131nda, \u2018ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sonras\u0131\u2019na dair hedefler ve ayr\u0131\u015fmalar da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flar. Bu ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n en temel unsurlar\u0131, \u015fu \u00fc\u00e7 harekettir: (1) \u2018Tek millet\u2019 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan, (Hindu veya M\u00fcsl\u00fcman) Hintlilerin \u2018ayn\u0131 millet\u2019in mensuplar\u0131 oldu\u011fu noktas\u0131ndan hareket eden ve Hindistan\u2019\u0131n birli\u011fini savunan Hindistan Ulusal Kongresi; (2) M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Hintlilerin Hindu Hintlilerden ayr\u0131 bir millet oldu\u011funu savunan ve \u2018iki millet\u2019 doktrinini savunan, bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukta oldu\u011fu yerde bir \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman devleti,\u2019 Hindular\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukta oldu\u011fu yerde bir Hindu devleti kurulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Birli\u011fi; (3) Ayn\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin Hindu kanad\u0131n\u0131 temsil eden Mahasabha. <\/p>\n
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Yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n gelece\u011fi nokta itibar\u0131yla \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcden sarf-\u0131 nazar edersek, ikincinin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc \u2018Pakistan\u2019\u0131n kurucusu\u2019 olarak bildi\u011fimiz Muhammed Ali Cinnah, birinci hareketin en \u00f6nemli fig\u00fcr\u00fc ise Mahatma Gandi\u2019dir. <\/p>\n
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Ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sonras\u0131na dair bu fikir ve hareket ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, Hintli M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda da bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyi tetiklemi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131 bir \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman devleti\u2019 fikrini savunan, ama \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman devleti\u2019 ile \u2018\u0130sl\u00e2m devleti\u2019 aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131n da \u00f6zellikle fark\u0131nda olan sek\u00fcler bir fig\u00fcr olarak Muhammed Ali Cinnah b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeci \u00e7izginin bayraktar\u0131 iken, Cemiyet-i Ulema-y\u0131 Hind ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketinin lokomotifi h\u00fckm\u00fcndeki ve \u00f6nderli\u011fini Gandi\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Hindistan Ulusal Kongresini desteklemekte ve b\u00f6l\u00fcnme fikrine kesinlikle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n
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Neticede, ortaya ilgin\u00e7 bir tablo \u00e7\u0131kar: \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman milliyet\u00e7isi\u2019 bir sek\u00fcler fig\u00fcr olarak Cinnah; M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-Hindu beraberli\u011finin savunucusu \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00e2limleri… <\/p>\n
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\u2018\u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a ve \u2018sek\u00fclarizm\u2019e modern zamanlarda atfedilen \u00f6zelliklere g\u00f6re \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir tablodur bu. Ama, tablo budur. <\/p>\n
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Sonu\u00e7ta, Hindistan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketinin \u00f6zellikle son otuz y\u0131l\u0131, bir i\u00e7 \u00e7eki\u015fmeye de sahne olur. <\/p>\n
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Bu i\u00e7 \u00e7eki\u015fmenin Hint M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131nda, Cinnah\u2019\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen Cemiyet-i Ulema-y\u0131 Hind\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131ndaki isim ise H\u00fcseyin Ahmed Meden\u00ee\u2019dir. Meden\u00ee, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in Mekke hayat\u0131na ve de Medine hayat\u0131na y\u00f6nelik at\u0131flarla a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kendi \u2018beraberlik\u2019 yanl\u0131s\u0131 duru\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 izah ederken, ilerleyen ony\u0131llarda do\u011frulanacak m\u00fcthi\u015f \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerde bulunur. Meden\u00ee\u2019ye ve Cemiyete mensup sair alimlerin iddialar\u0131na g\u00f6re, b\u00f6l\u00fcnme, hem Hint M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131, hem de sair M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in son derece tehlikeli sonu\u00e7lar do\u011fruacakt\u0131r. Bu tehlikeli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n en ziyade \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kanlar\u0131 ise; (a) b\u00f6yle bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeden sonra Hindular\u0131n egemenli\u011findeki Hindistan\u2019da kalacak M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n durumunun daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmesi, (b) b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin getirdi\u011fi bir fiil\u00ee veya duygusal \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma atmosferinin Hindular aras\u0131nda \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 olgusunu sona erdirmesidir. B\u00f6l\u00fcnme, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tek bir Hindistan yerine, birbiriyle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan ve uluslararas\u0131 arenada g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz iki zay\u0131f devlet ortaya \u00e7\u0131karacakt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Pakistan, i\u00e7te ve d\u0131\u015fta kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131, kendi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6zmesi imk\u00e2ns\u0131z problemler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden yabanc\u0131 kaynaklara m\u00fcracaat etmek zorunda kalacak, bu da \u00fclke ekonomisine (ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla y\u00f6netimine) ger\u00e7ekte onlar\u0131n hakim olmas\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece, \u2018ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Pakistan,\u2019 ger\u00e7ekte, a\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden kendisini reelpoliti\u011fe rehin vermi\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7, \u2018cihad\u2019 olarak il\u00e2n edilen bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u2018teslimiyet\u2019e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesidir! <\/p>\n
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Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n da geni\u015f ve m\u00fcessir bir egemen g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 birle\u015fik bir Hindistan, sadece Hint M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yarar\u0131nad\u0131r. <\/p>\n
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Gelin g\u00f6r\u00fcn ki, Cemiyet-i Ulema-y\u0131 Hind, bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini geni\u015f M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kitlelere anlatmakta ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frar. Hindu siyaset adam\u0131 Gandi\u2019yle birlikte hareket eden M\u00fcsl\u00fcman alimler g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halk\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131na \u2018izah\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7\u2019 g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcrken, sek\u00fcler Cinnah\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir \u2018M\u00fcsl\u00fcman devleti\u2019 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc tahakkuku istenen bir r\u00fcyaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. <\/p>\n
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Ve sonu\u00e7ta, \u0130ngilizlerin Hindistan\u2019daki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sona erdi\u011finde, Hindistan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte iki (ger\u00e7ekte \u00fc\u00e7) par\u00e7aya b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Ortada Hindular\u0131n egemen oldu\u011fu bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Hindistan; do\u011fu ve bat\u0131 ucunda Pakistan. Ki, 1971\u2019de bu iki u\u00e7 da resmen b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr; do\u011fu Pakistan, Banglade\u015f olur. <\/p>\n
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B\u00fct\u00fcn bu zaman zarf\u0131nda, Cemiyet-i Ulema-y\u0131 Hind\u2019in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcleri bir bir ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. En ba\u015fta, b\u00f6l\u00fcnme y\u00fcz\u00fcnden ya\u015fanan g\u00f6\u00e7ler ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar esnas\u0131nda y\u00fczbinlerce M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve Hindu \u00f6l\u00fcr. Hindistan\u2019ta kalan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar nisbeten \u00f6nemsiz bir az\u0131nl\u0131k haline gelirler ve elli k\u00fcsur y\u0131ld\u0131r zaman zaman alevlenen \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131n\u0131n gadrine maruz kal\u0131rlar. Hindular aras\u0131nda y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcren \u2018ihtida\u2019 s\u00fcreci neredeyse s\u0131f\u0131r noktas\u0131na geriler. <\/p>\n
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Ve \u00f6te yandan, bug\u00fcn Banglade\u015f\u2019in uluslararas\u0131 arenada g\u00fcc\u00fc ve etkisi nedir? Ya bug\u00fcn\u00fcn \u2018Amerikan \u00fcss\u00fc\u2019 haline gelmi\u015f Pakistan\u2019\u0131 bize ne ifade etmektedir? <\/p>\n
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Bu y\u00fczdendir ki, H\u00fcseyin Ahmed Meden\u00ee, Hindistan\u2019\u0131n Murad\u00e2bad b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan Muhammed Tasadduk H\u00fcseyin Arif\u00ee isimli bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yet dolu mektubuna 23 Eyl\u00fcl 1951 tarihli cevab\u00ee mektubunda, \u015fu c\u00fcmleleri sarfedecektir: <\/p>\n
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\u201cAziz dostum! E\u011fer \u00fclke b\u00f6l\u00fcnmemi\u015f olsayd\u0131, \u015fu an y\u00fczy\u00fcze geldi\u011finiz problemler zuhur edecek miydi? O zaman M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar Hindistan Cumhuriyeti n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 37\u2019sini te\u015fkil ediyorlard\u0131. Bu, etkili bir az\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131r. \u015eimdi ise toplam n\u00fcfusa oranlar\u0131 sadece y\u00fczde 9 veya 10. Bundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r ki Cemiyet b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ama bizim sesimize kulak verilmedi. (…) L\u00fctfen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ve sonu\u00e7lara bak\u0131n. Buras\u0131 art\u0131k d\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m de\u011fildir. Biz kendi ellerimizle b\u00f6ld\u00fck onu. Sen ve ben yapt\u0131k bunu. (…) D\u00fcnya, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz zorluklar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bizi nas\u0131l hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabilir?\u201d <\/p>\n
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Meden\u00ee\u2019nin mektubu, \u015fik\u00e2yete kar\u015f\u0131 serzeni\u015f ve sitem y\u00fckl\u00fc, ama ayn\u0131 zamanda Cemiyet-i Ulema-y\u0131 Hind\u2019in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerini tekrarlayan c\u00fcmlelerle uzay\u0131p gider ve \u015fu ifadelerle son bulur: \u201cSonu\u00e7 olarak, sadece heyecanla hareket etmeyin. Ona, akl\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 da ekleyin. Dikkatli olun ve \u015fartlar\u0131 ihmal etmeyin. Vessel\u00e2m.\u201d <\/p>\n
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Bu Hindistan (bir di\u011fer a\u00e7\u0131dan: Pakistan) tecr\u00fcbesinin d\u00fcnya M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131na s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u00e7ok \u015fey, verdi\u011fi \u00e7ok ders oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n
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\u00a9\u00a02021 karakalem.net, Metin Karaba\u015fo\u011flu<\/p>\n
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22.05.2005 BUG\u00dcNK\u00dc H\u0130ND\u0130STAN\u2019DA daha geni\u015f bir kara par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131, Pakistan ve Banglade\u015f\u2019i de i\u00e7ine alan \u2018asl\u00ee\u2019 haliyle Hindistan\u2019\u0131n \u0130ngilizlere kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesi esnas\u0131nda, \u2018ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sonras\u0131\u2019na dair hedefler ve ayr\u0131\u015fmalar da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flar. Bu ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n en temel unsurlar\u0131, \u015fu \u00fc\u00e7 harekettir: (1) \u2018Tek millet\u2019 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan, (Hindu veya M\u00fcsl\u00fcman) Hintlilerin \u2018ayn\u0131 millet\u2019in mensuplar\u0131 oldu\u011fu noktas\u0131ndan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[132],"class_list":["post-83522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yazarlar"],"yoast_head":"\n