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Bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131,
serbestiyet.com<\/a>\u2019da okuyabilirsiniz.<\/b><\/p>\n
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\u00c7ocuklar neden \u00f6l\u00fcr?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
27.10.2020<\/p>\n
RUDYARD K\u0130PL\u0130NG ismini hepimiz bir \u015fekilde duymu\u015fuzdur. Ya bir ders kitab\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan bir hik\u00e2ye veya \u015fiiriyle, ya bir takvim yapra\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir s\u00f6z\u00fcyle, yahut bir yerlerde okudu\u011fu bir yaz\u0131s\u0131yla. Do\u011frudan, kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 okuyanlar\u0131m\u0131z da vard\u0131r muhakkak. En \u00e7ok da, Cang\u0131l kitab\u0131 ve Kim ile, \u201cE\u011fer\u201diyle kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r akl\u0131m\u0131zda. \u00dcst\u00fcne \u00fcstl\u00fck, Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc sahibidir kendileri. 1907 Nobel Edebiyat \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, ona verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
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B\u00fct\u00fcn bu bilgiler, Kipling\u2019i zihnimizde \u00f6rnek al\u0131nas\u0131 bir b\u00fcy\u00fck insan olarak canland\u0131rmam\u0131z sonucunu getirir.<\/p>\n
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Sonra, biraz daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi edinme iste\u011fiyle ansiklopediler aras\u0131na dald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, ayn\u0131 Kipling\u2019in hi\u00e7 de sevimli ve \u00f6rnek al\u0131nas\u0131 olmayan \u00f6zellikleri de oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011freniriz. Kipling\u2019in ak\u0131lda kalan g\u00fczel \u015fiirleri, \u00f6yk\u00fcleri, s\u00f6zleri vard\u0131r, \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in okunas\u0131 \u015feyler yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, tamam; ama ayn\u0131 Kipling, di\u011fer taraftan \u0130ngiliz emperyalizminin y\u0131lmaz savunucusu, beyaz \u0131rk\u0131n ve beyazlar i\u00e7inde \u0130ngilizlerin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne y\u00fcrekten inanm\u0131\u015f bir adamd\u0131r \u00f6te yandan. \u201cBeyaz Adam\u0131n Y\u00fck\u00fc\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 rezil \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 \u015fiir ona aittir mesel\u00e2. Dahas\u0131, amans\u0131z bir sava\u015f taraftar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Rudyard Kipling, bir \u0130ngiliz olarak 1865\u2019te Hindistan\u2019da do\u011fmu\u015f. Babas\u0131, \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrge idaresine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, Lahor\u2019da bir m\u00fczenin m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc. Bir teyzesinin o\u011flunun, Stanley Baldwin\u2019in ilerleyen y\u0131llarda \u00fc\u00e7 kere \u0130ngiltere ba\u015fbakan\u0131 oldu\u011funu da kaydedelim.<\/p>\n
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Anne-babas\u0131ndan uzakta, \u0130ngiltere\u2019de \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6ren; bir\u00e7ok filme konu de olmu\u015f kat\u0131 ve sevgisiz \u0130ngiliz yat\u0131l\u0131 okullar\u0131ndan birinde okuyan Kipling, \u00fcniversiteyi bitirdikten sonra gazeteci olarak Hindistan\u2019a d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f. Burada, \u00fcst d\u00fczey \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrge y\u00f6neticileriyle kurdu\u011fu dostlu\u011fun yan\u0131s\u0131ra, bir \u2018efendi\u2019 psikolojisini yede\u011finde tutarak Hint k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcyle de ilgilenmi\u015f. Kaynaklar, bu d\u00f6nemden itibaren verdi\u011fi eserleri de\u011ferlendirirken, vasat bir \u015fair ama iyi bir hik\u00e2yeci oldu\u011funu, \u00e7ocuk edebiyat\u0131nda da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ba\u015far\u0131 kaydetti\u011fini belirtiyorlar.<\/p>\n
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Bizi burada \u00f6zellikle ilgilendiren ise, onun \u015fiirlerine de konu olmu\u015f \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri. Kipling, kendisi Hindistan do\u011fumlu, \u00fcstelik bir Amerikal\u0131yla evli olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u0130ngiltere d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda do\u011fan herkesin \u2018a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 soy\u2019dan geldi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen bir \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc. G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019y\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcren \u2018devlet adam\u0131 ve elmas t\u00fcccar\u0131\u2019 Cecil Rhodes\u2019la \u00f6zel yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 takiben, bu \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci tutumu daha da keskinle\u015fmi\u015f. D\u00fcnya i\u00e7inde Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n, Avrupa i\u00e7inde \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin ve \u0130ngilizlerin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc fikri onda \u00f6yle bir saplant\u0131 haline gelmi\u015f ki, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, s\u00f6z\u00fcmona \u2018b\u00fct\u00fcn sava\u015flara son verecek bu sava\u015f\u2019a o\u011flu Jack\u2019in de kat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ne gerekiyorsa yapm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
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Ki burada, Kipling\u2019in her\u015feye ra\u011fmen takdir edilmesi gereken bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi var. G\u00fcc\u00fc, imk\u00e2n\u0131 ve ili\u015fkiler a\u011f\u0131 olanlar i\u00e7in bizde \u2018ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011fu \u00fczerinden vatanseverlik\u2019 ge\u00e7er ak\u00e7edir; kendi \u00e7ocu\u011funun askerlik y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden azade olmas\u0131, de\u011filse en rahat ve g\u00fcvenli yerde askerlik g\u00fcnlerini ge\u00e7irmesi i\u00e7in elinden geleni ard\u0131na koymay\u0131p ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011funun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u201cBiri gider, bini gelir\u201d hamaseti \u00fcretenlere k\u0131yasla; tutarl\u0131d\u0131r Kipling. Ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 \u00fczerinden de\u011fil, kendi \u00e7ocu\u011funu da dahil ederek ortaya koyar tercihini\u2026<\/p>\n
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Kipling\u2019in onsekiz ya\u015f\u0131ndaki o\u011flu, g\u00f6rme problemi oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle, iki ba\u015fvurusunda da orduya al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f. Ama \u0130ngiliz \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc m\u00fchr\u00fcn\u00fc tarihe vurdurma a\u015fk\u0131yla kendinden ge\u00e7mi\u015f babas\u0131n\u0131n telkinleri \u00e7ocu\u011fu o kadar etkilemi\u015f ki, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ba\u015fvurusunda orduya kat\u0131lmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
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Sonra?<\/p>\n
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Sonras\u0131nda bir hayat, bir \u00f6l\u00fcm ve bir dizi \u015fiir var. Ancak o\u011flu \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ba\u015fka bir a\u00e7\u0131dan da bakabilme yetene\u011fi kazanm\u0131\u015f bir baban\u0131n \u015fiirleri\u2026<\/p>\n
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Rudyard Kipling\u2019in o\u011flu Jack, orduya kat\u0131ld\u0131ktan az bir s\u00fcre …<\/p>\n
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<\/p>\n \u00c7ocuklar neden \u00f6l\u00fcr?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131,
serbestiyet.com<\/a>\u2019da okuyabilirsiniz.<\/b><\/p>\n