{"id":83049,"date":"2025-02-24T16:04:35","date_gmt":"2025-02-24T16:04:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.karakalem.avrupabelge.com\/karakalem\/siddeti-hamiyet-bilmek\/"},"modified":"2025-02-24T17:44:10","modified_gmt":"2025-02-24T17:44:10","slug":"siddeti-hamiyet-bilmek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.karakalem.avrupabelge.com\/karakalem\/siddeti-hamiyet-bilmek\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015eiddeti hamiyet bilmek"},"content":{"rendered":"

21.06.2022<\/p>\n

HAM\u0130D\u0130ZM VE Kemalizm sarkac\u0131nda nefesi daralm\u0131\u015f \u015fu \u00fclkede, hem suiistimale u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem de sahipsiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in do\u011fru de\u011ferlendirilmeyen bir b\u00fcy\u00fck imk\u00e2nd\u0131r II. Me\u015frutiyet. Eski istibdad\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 yeniden o d\u00fczene d\u00f6nme f\u0131rsat\u0131 kollamasa, yeniler i\u00e7inde rekabet halindeki z\u00fcmreler ise onu kendileri lehine bir oligar\u015fi in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in f\u0131rsat gibi g\u00f6rmese, kuvvetle muhtemel ki, II. Me\u015frutiyetin ard\u0131ndan bu \u00fclke demokrasiyle tan\u0131\u015facakt\u0131. XIV. Louis\u2019den miras kat\u0131 bir otoriter y\u00f6netim gelene\u011fi ad\u0131m ad\u0131m Fransa\u2019y\u0131 1789 Devrimine ve sonras\u0131nda \u2018kendi evlatlar\u0131n\u0131 da yiyen\u2019 devrimci \u015fiddetin deh\u015fetine maruz b\u0131rak\u0131r ve sonraki y\u00fczy\u0131l boyu Fransa cumhuriyet ile monar\u015fi aras\u0131nda gidi\u015f geli\u015fler ya\u015farken \u0130ngilizlerin 1688-89\u2019daki \u2018\u015fanl\u0131\u2019 ve \u2018kans\u0131z\u2019 ink\u0131lab ile \u015fiddete mahal b\u0131rakmaks\u0131z\u0131n demokratikle\u015fmenin kanallar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mas\u0131na benzer \u015fekilde, II. Me\u015frutiyet de demokrasiye yumu\u015fak ge\u00e7i\u015f i\u00e7in bir imk\u00e2n niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

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Gelin g\u00f6r\u00fcn ki bu b\u00fcy\u00fck imk\u00e2n, ilkenin egemenli\u011fi yerine sen-ben kavgas\u0131 i\u00e7inde heba edildi.<\/p>\n

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Bu \u015fartlarda, Sultan II. Abd\u00fclhamid\u2019in istibdad\u0131n\u0131n son demlerinde, do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc diyardaki \u015fartlar\u0131n e\u011fitim yoluyla d\u00fczeltilmesi umuduyla 1907\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelen Bedi\u00fczzaman bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u2018ula\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 sultana meram\u0131n\u0131 gazeteler yoluyla ele\u015ftirel bir \u015fekilde dile getirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in onun emriyle t\u0131marhaneye g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f; ard\u0131s\u0131ra sultan taraf\u0131ndan tahsis edilen, kendisinin ise \u2018sus r\u00fc\u015fveti\u2019 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc maa\u015f\u0131 kabul etmedi diye Zaptiye N\u00e2z\u0131r\u0131 \u015eefik Pa\u015fan\u0131n emriyle hapse at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; h\u00fcrriyetine kavu\u015ftu\u011fu II. Me\u015frutiyet g\u00fcnlerinde ise 31 Mart hadisesiyle irtibatland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim mahkemesine sevkedilmi\u015f ve 1911\u2019de Divan-\u0131 Harb-i \u00d6rf\u00ee<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 savunmas\u0131n\u0131n akabinde beraat etmi\u015ftir. \u0130stibdat d\u00f6nemini \u2018akla husumet,\u2019 z\u00fcmrelerin h\u00e2kimiyet kavgas\u0131 verdi\u011fi sonraki g\u00fcnleri ise \u2018hayata husumet\u2019 ile a\u00e7\u0131klar Bedi\u00fczzaman. Hakl\u0131d\u0131r; ilkinde t\u0131marhaneye sevkedilmi\u015f, ikincisinde idam talebiyle yarg\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn bu olumsuzluklara ra\u011fmen, daha ilkgen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren benimsedi\u011fi me\u015fveret-adalet-h\u00fcrriyet merkezli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinden ise asla vazge\u00e7meyecek; bilakis, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu bed muameleye ra\u011fmen, beraatinden sonra gitti\u011fi memleketinde iki mevsim boyu a\u015firetler aras\u0131nda dola\u015farak, me\u015frutiyetin k\u0131ymetini yol kesicilerin gadrine u\u011framaks\u0131z\u0131n bilsinler diye onlara istibdad\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, me\u015frutiyetin ise gereklili\u011fini anlatmay\u0131 tercih edecektir.<\/p>\n

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Soru-cevap \u015feklinde ilerleyen bu diyaloglar, 1911\u2019de M\u00fcnazarat<\/em> ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. Bu eserde kendisine a\u015firetler i\u00e7erisinden y\u00f6neltilen sorular\u0131n sonuncusu, ilgili eserde ayr\u0131 bir ba\u015fl\u0131kla bir zeyl gibi sunulan \u2018zindan-\u0131 at\u00e2let\u2019 bahsini hari\u00e7te tutarsak, \u0130ttihad ve Terakki\u2019ye dairdir: \u201c\u0130ttihad ve Terakki hakk\u0131nda reyin nedir?\u201d<\/p>\n

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Bedi\u00fczzaman bu soruya \u015fu cevab\u0131 verir:<\/p>\n

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\u201cK\u0131ymetlerini takdirle beraber, siyasiyy\u00fbnlar\u0131ndaki \u015fiddete\u00a0mu\u2019teri\u00adzim. L\u00e2kin onlar\u0131n iktisad\u00ee ve maarif\u00ee olan -b\u00e2husus \u015fark\u00ee vil\u00e2yetlerdeki- \u015fubelerini bir derece istihsan ve tebrik ederim.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Onun bu cevab\u0131n\u0131n birinci c\u00fcmlesine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir h\u00e2\u015fiye de vard\u0131r. Orada, \u2018siyasiyy\u00fbnlar\u0131ndaki \u015fiddet\u2019ten ne kasdetti\u011fine ve buna neden itiraz etti\u011fine a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirmektedir:<\/p>\n

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\u201cAdaletin tevziinde adalet olmazsa, zul\u00fcm g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bir hat\u0131r i\u00e7in, bin hat\u0131r k\u0131r\u0131lmaz. \u015eiddet ayr\u0131, hamiyet ayr\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

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H\u00e2\u015fiyesiyle birlikte \u015fu k\u0131sa cevab\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u00fczere Bedi\u00fczzaman, \u0130ttihad ve Terakki i\u00e7indeki \u00f6zellikle e\u011fitime, sosyal ve iktisad\u00ee faaliyetlere odaklanm\u0131\u015f hamiyetli insanlara ili\u015fkin takdirini ifade etmekle birlikte, istibdad g\u00fcnlerinde h\u00fcrriyet istemi\u015f iken \u015fimdi z\u00fcmre istibdad\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6steren ve bu u\u011furda \u015fiddete ba\u015fvurmaktan da \u00e7ekinmeyen \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lara…<\/p>\n

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Bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131,
serbestiyet.com<\/a>\u2019da okuyabilirsiniz.<\/b><\/p>\n

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\u015eiddeti hamiyet bilmek<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n